In the design of several types of electromagnetic devices with magnetic core, electrical machines included, an essential problem is which characteristics have to be used. If adequate characteristics are not available even computer programs of high accuracy cannot allow results of high precision. In the present paper the following characteristics will be examined: static and dynamic normal characteristics, as well as the first (initial) magnetization curve. A theoretical and several detailed measurements are presented that have not been found in literature.

Keywords: Hysteresis loop, Initial magnetization curve, Static normal curve, Dynamic normal curve, Soft magnetic materials